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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.11.2015.tde-29092015-111043
Document
Author
Full name
Isabela Maria do Nascimento
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 2015
Supervisor
Committee
Lira, Simone Possedente de (President)
Marcon, Joelma
Katiki, Luciana Morita
Title in Portuguese
Estudo químico de duas linhagens de fungos endofíticos com atividade ao fitopatógeno Colletotrichum sp
Keywords in Portuguese
Fusarium
Penicillium
Antracnose
Compostos bioativos
Guaranazeiro
Metabólito secundário
Abstract in Portuguese
Os fungos endofíticos constituem uma fonte promissora para descoberta de novos compostos ativos de interesse biotecnológico. Nas últimas décadas, os fungos endofíticos têm recebido atenção no meio científico devido aos compostos que produzem, com estruturas únicas e atividades biológicas de relevância em diversas áreas, inclusive agronômica. Um dos maiores problemas nesta área são as doenças causadas por fungos fitopatogênicos que acometem as culturas. Dentre elas, a antracnose é uma das principais doenças que atinge diversas culturas no Brasil, gerando grandes perdas agrícolas, principalmente as culturas do morango, guaraná e citrus, causadas por fungos do gênero Colletotrichum. Esse trabalho teve como objetivo investigar extratos de linhagens dos fungos endofíticos Fusarium e Penicillium, isolados de folhas do guaranazeiro, com atividade à fitopatógenos do gênero Colletotrichum isolados das culturas de guaraná, morango e citrus. Para tanto foi realizado uma triagem inicial de duas linhagens de fungos, dentre nove, por ensaios biológicos in vitro de cultivo pareado na atividade antifúngica aos três fitopatógenos. As duas linhagens selecionadas, apresentaram os maiores índices de antagonismo contra os três fitopatógenos e foram identificadas como Fusarium sp e Penicillum pinophilum. Os extratos e as frações semipurificadas se mostraram com grande potencial na inibição do crescimento do fitopatógeno do gênero Colletotrichum, causador da antracnose, que provoca grandes perdas nas culturas de importância econômica do Brasil.
Title in English
Chemical study of two strains of endophytic fungi with activity to phytopathogen Colletotrichum sp
Keywords in English
Anthracnose
Bioactive compounds
Fusarium
Guaranazeiro
Penicillium
Secondary metabolite
Abstract in English
Endophitic fungi are a promising source for discovery of new active compounds of biotechnological interest. In recent decades, endophytic fungi have received attention in the scientific community because of compounds they produce, with unique structures and biological activities of relevance in several areas, including agronomy. One of the greatest problems in this is diseases caused by phytopathogenic fungi that affect the crops. Among them, anthracnose is a major disease that affects several crops in Brazil, generating large agricultural losses, especially strawberry crops, guarana and citrus caused by fungi of the genus Colletotrichum. This study investigated endophytic fungi strains of Fusarium and Penicillium extracts isolated from guarana leaves, with activity to phytopathogens of the genus Colletotrichum isolated from guarana crops, strawberry and citrus. For that, it was conducted an initial screening of two strains of fungi, among nine, using in vitro biological assays of cultivation paired in antifungal activity to the three pathogens. The two strains selected had the highest rates of antagonism against the three phytopathogens and were identified as Fusarium sp and Penicillium pinophilum. Extracts and semi-purified fractions were shown with great potential to inhibit pathogen growth of the genus Colletotrichum, which causes anthracnose and, thus, great losses to crops of economic importance in Brazil.
 
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Publishing Date
2015-10-09
 
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