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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.11.2007.tde-03082007-160427
Document
Author
Full name
Alessandra Aparecida Rabalho
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 2007
Supervisor
Committee
Menten, Jose Otavio Machado (President)
Bedendo, Ivan Paulo
Beriam, Luis Otavio Saggion
Destefano, Suzete Aparecida Lanza
Moraes, Maria Heloisa Duarte de
Title in Portuguese
Xanthomonas spp. causadoras de mancha bacteriana do tomateiro (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.): detecção em sementes e diferenciação
Keywords in Portuguese
Bactéria fitopatogênica
Fitossanidade
Genes
Mancha bacteriana
Meios de cultura
Reação em cadeia por polimerase
Sementes
Tomate
Abstract in Portuguese
O tomateiro é a segunda hortaliça em importância econômica no mundo, sendo uma das culturas mais exigentes em cuidados fitossanitários, devido ao grande número de doenças que a acometem e pela elevada capacidade destrutiva e difícil controle dos patógenos. A mancha-bacteriana, causada por espécies do gênero Xanthomonas (X. euvesicatoria, X. gardneri, X. vesicatoria e X. perforans), é uma das mais importantes doenças do tomateiro estaqueado ou rasteiro, que afeta a planta em qualquer estádio de desenvolvimento, podendo ocorrer em toda parte aérea, provocando redução em quantidade e qualidade da produção. Para diminuir a disseminação do patógeno e determinar medidas de controle nas áreas de cultivo, é importante que haja a detecção eficiente do patógeno em plantas e sementes. Assim, existe a necessidade de análises que possibilitem detectar bactérias em sementes, especialmente quando o nível de infecção ou incidência é muito baixo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver métodos de detecção e diferenciação de Xanthomonas spp. em sementes de tomate. Desenvolveu-se um meio semi-seletivo, constituído por dextrose (5,0 g/L), NaCl (5,0 g/L), KH2PO4 (1,4 g/L), K2HPO4 (3,6 g/L), extrato de carne (1,0 g/L), peptona (5,0 g/L), extrato de levedura (2,0 g/L), cefaclor (40,0 mg/L), nistatina (50,0 mg/L), benomil (10,0 mg/L) e ágar (14,0 g/L), que mostrou baixa repressividade a Xanthomonas spp. e supressividade moderada aos microrganismos não-alvos associados a sementes de tomate e elevada sensibilidade, além de baixo custo. Por PCR-RFLP de um fragmento do gene rpoB, foi possível diferenciar as diferentes espécies causadoras da mancha-bacteriana em tomateiro.
Title in English
Xanthomonas spp. causing the tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) bacterial spot: detection in seeds and differentiation
Keywords in English
Bacterial-spot
Culture media
Genes
Phytopathogenic bacterium
Phytosanity
Polymerase chain reaction
Seeds
Tomato
Abstract in English
The tomato is the second economical important horticultural crop in the world, being one of the most exigent cultures in phytosanitary cares, due to the large number of diseases that attack the culture and for the high destructive capacity and difficult control of the pathogens. The bacterial-spot, caused by species of the genus Xanthomonas (X. euvesicatoria, X. gardneri, X. vesicatoria and X. perforans), is one of the most important tomato diseases, affecting plant in any development stage, being able to occur in all aerial part, provoking reduction in quantity and quality of the production. To reduce the pathogen dissemination and to determine control measures in the cultivation areas, it is important that the pathogen detection in plants and seeds has been efficient. So, it is necessary to carry out analysis to detect bacteria in seeds, especially when the infection level or incidence is very low. The objective of this work was to develop detection and differentiation methods of Xanthomonas spp. in tomato seeds. A semi-selective medium was developed, constituted by dextrose (5,0 g/L), NaCl (5,0 g/L), KH2PO4 (1,4 g/L), K2HPO4 (3,6 g/L), meat extract (1,0 g/L), peptone (5,0 g/L), yeast extract (2,0 g/L), cefaclor (40,0 mg/L), nistatine (50,0 mg/L), benomyl (10,0 mg/L) and agar (14,0 g/L), wich showed low repressivity to the Xanthomonas spp. and moderate supressivity to the non-target microorganisms associated to tomato seeds and high sensibility, besides low cost. By PCR-RFLP of a rpoB gene fragment, it was possible to differentiate the species of the tomato bacterial-spot.
 
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Publishing Date
2007-08-09
 
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