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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.11.2008.tde-24032008-171748
Document
Author
Full name
Paula Fabiane Martins
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 2007
Supervisor
Committee
Azevedo, Ricardo Antunes de (President)
Molina, Silvia Maria Guerra
Pileggi, Marcos
Title in Portuguese
Análise da resposta antioxidativa bacteriana ao herbicida s-metolachlor
Keywords in Portuguese
Bactérias - Metabolismo
Estresse oxidativo
Herbicidas - Toxicidade.
Abstract in Portuguese
O aumento da produção de espécies ativas de oxigênio (EAOs) é observado em resposta a uma variedade de agentes estressantes, incluindo herbicidas. Alguns estudos relacionam o sistema antioxidante com a proteção celular e a resistência aos agroquímicos. O s-metolachlor é um herbicida chloroacetanilida, de alta toxicidade e um dos agroquímicos mais freqüentemente detectados em estudos de contaminação ambiental. Esse trabalho objetivou estudar a relação entre a toxicidade do herbicida e a resposta do sistema antioxidante em três bactérias isoladas de solo agrícola. Os microrganismos foram cultivados em meio nutritivo com doses crescentes de herbicida (0, 34 e 340 mM). Na maior dose de s-metolachlor, foi observada alta taxa de peroxidação lipídica, a qual reflete os danos causados pelo estresse oxidativo. O perfil protéico foi diferente entre as espécies bacterianas em análise de SDS-PAGE, porém não foi observada nenhuma diferença significativa entre as doses de s-metolachlor. As enzimas superóxido dismutase e catalase apresentaram indução da atividade na presença do herbicida a 34 mM, o que pode estar relacionado ao aparecimento de uma nova isoforma de CAT em análise de PAGE nativo. Para a enzima glutationa-redutase (GR), houve o aparecimento de novas isoformas na presença do herbicida, principalmente na concentração de 340 mM em PAGE. Já a atividade da glutationa S-transferase e da GR, em espectrofotômetro, refletiram a toxicidade do herbicida, apresentando queda em meio com maior dose de s-metlachlor. A variedade de respostas encontradas entre as bactérias foi muito maior do que o fator que produziu a resposta, sendo que esta diversidade pode condicionar o encontro de uma espécie bacteriana com vantagens na resistência ao herbicida. Os resultados sugerem que em baixas doses (34 mM), o herbicida pode induzir a atividade de algumas enzimas antioxidantes, porém, em doses maiores (340 mM) ele é tóxico para as bactérias.
Title in English
Antioxidative response of bacteria to s-metolachlor herbicide
Keywords in English
Bacteria.
Herbicide
Oxidative stress
S-metolachlor
Abstract in English
The increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production is observed in response to a variety of stressful agents, such as herbicides. Some studies can associate the antioxidant system with cell protection and resistance to agrochemicals. S-metolachlor is a chloroacetanilide herbicide of high toxicity and one of the most commonly detected agrochemicals in studies concerning environmental contamination. The objective of this work was to investigate the relation between the herbicide toxicity and the oxidative responses in three bacteria isolated from an agricultural soil. These microorganisms were cultivated in nutritive media in the presence of increasing herbicide concentrations (0 mM, 34 mM and 340 mM). At the high concentration of smetolachlor, 340mM, lipidic peroxidation was observed, reflecting the damage caused by the oxidative stress. The protein profile was different among bacterial species in SDS-PAGE analyze, but no significant difference occurred between the different s-metolachlor dosages. The superoxide dismutase and catalase enzymes showed activity induction in the presence of 34 mM of s-metolachlor, which can be related to the emergence of a new CAT isoform in native PAGE analyze. In the case of glutathione-reductase (GR) it was also observed the induction of new isoforms in the presence of the herbicide, mainly in the 340 mM PAGE concentration. The activity of glutathione S-transferase and GR in spectrophotometer reflected the herbicide toxicity, it decreased in the media with the 340 mM of s-metolachlor. The variety of responses showed among the bacterias was much higher than the factor that induced the response. This diversity can lead to found bacterial species with advantages in herbicide resistance. The results suggest that at low doses (34 mM), the herbicide may induce the activity of some antioxidant enzymes, but in larger doses (340 mM) it is toxic to the bacteria.
 
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Publishing Date
2008-03-25
 
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