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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.11.2010.tde-03082010-081959
Document
Author
Full name
Luíza Lane de Barros Dantas
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 2010
Supervisor
Committee
Silva Filho, Marcio de Castro (President)
Moura, Daniel Scherer de
Vincentz, Michel Georges Albert
Title in Portuguese
Caracterização do papel da glutamil-tRNA sintetase na localização subcelular de proteínas
Keywords in Portuguese
Aminoacil tRNA sintetase
Glutamina
Leveduras
Proteínas - Localização.
Abstract in Portuguese
Nos organismos eucariotos, aproximadamente 50% das proteínas traduzidas no citoplasma são transportadas para as organelas, onde irão desempenhar suas funções. Com isso, surgiu um intricado sistema de transporte intracelular de proteínas. Nas plantas, a presença de uma segunda organela endossimbionte, o plastídio, tornou este sistema mais complexo e gerou demanda adicional por transporte. Ainda, grande maioria das proteínas mitocondriais e plastidiais são codificadas por genes nucleares e importadas do citosol. O dogma uma proteína-uma localização foi associado ao conceito de um gene-uma proteína na biologia celular. Entretanto, proteínas individuais podem ter mais de uma função, e mais recentemente, proteínas codificadas por um único gene foram identificadas em mais de um compartimento subcelular, o que deu origem ao conceito de duplo direcionamento (DD). Um exemplo bem estudado de DD vem das proteínas da família das aminoacil-tRNA sintetases (aaRS), que participam da síntese protéica ao acoplar o aminoácido ao seu tRNA cognato. Dentre as aaRSs, a glutamil-tRNA sintetase citosólica (GluRS), através de sua extensão N-terminal, parece estar envolvida com outras funções além da tradução. Em Arabidopsis thaliana, há dois genes nucleares que codificam a GluRS, um para uma proteína de duplo direcionamento (DD) e outro para uma proteína citosólica. Resultados recentes em nosso laboratório mostraram que a GluRS citosólica pode estar relacionada ao controle da localização subcelular de proteínas organelares em Arabidopsis. Para verificar um eventual papel desta proteína na localização subcelular de outras proteínas, foram realizados ensaios de duplo-híbrido em levedura, os quais mostraram interação entre a GluRS e a glutamina sintetase (GS) de Arabidopsis thaliana, proteína de DD para mitocôndrias e cloroplastos Esta interação foi confirmada in planta, sendo a sequência da GluRS responsável pela interação localizada na região N-terminal, do resíduo 207 ao 316. Análises filogenéticas apontam que esta região encontra-se ausente nas bactérias e que originou-se provavelmente em Archea, entre 2,6 e 1,8 bilhões de anos. Além disso, observa-se que esta sequência é conservada em fungos, musgos e plantas vaculares, tendo originado-se em Arabidopsis há cerca de 2 bilhões de anos.
Title in English
Characterization of the role of glutamyl-tRNA synthetase in the protein subcellular localization
Keywords in English
Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetase
Glutamine
Protein Localization.
Yeast
Abstract in English
In eukaryotic organisms, about 50% of cytoplasmic translated proteins are transported to the organelles, where they can play their roles. Thus, a complex system for intracellular transport was established. In plants, the presence of a second endosymbiont organelle, the plastid, turned this system still more intricated and required an additional transport mechanism. Besides, most of organellar proteins are coded by nuclear genes and imported from the cytosol. The one protein-one localization was associated to the idea of one gene-one protein, which has long been established in molecular biology. However, individual proteins can show more than one function, and recently, proteins coded by one single gene were identified in more than one subcellular compartment, which has originated the concept of dual targeting. One of the most studied example of dual targeted proteins is the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase (aaRS) family, which are related to protein synthesis by attaching the correct amino acid onto the cognate tRNA molecule. Among the aaRSs, cytosolic glutamyl-tRNA synthetase (GluRS), through its N-terminal extension, seems to be involved in other cellular role beyond translation. In Arabidopsis thaliana, there are two genes encoding GluRS, one for a dual-targeted protein and other for a cytosolic protein. Recent results in our laboratory showed that GluRS interacts with proteins destinated to other organelles, which suggest that this protein might have a role in interfering on protein localization in Arabidopsis. In order to gain some information on the role of this protein in subcellular localization, yeast two-hybrid assays were performed. These studies showed the interaction between GluRS and glutamine synthetase (GS), a mitochondrial and chloroplastic dual-targeted protein. This interaction was confirmed in planta. In addition, the GluRS sequence associated to protein interaction was localized at its N-terminal portion, between the residues 207 316. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that this region is absent in bacteria and it probably arose from Archea between 2.6 and 1.8 billion years ago. Also, this sequence is conserved in fungi, moss and all the green plants investigated. Finally, datation analysis showed that this sequence arose in Arabidopsis between 2 and 1.7 billion years ago.
 
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Publishing Date
2010-08-10
 
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