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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.11.2019.tde-16122019-112631
Document
Author
Full name
Gustavo Roberto Fonseca de Oliveira
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 2019
Supervisor
Committee
Cicero, Silvio Moure (President)
Forti, Victor Augusto
Gomes Junior, Francisco Guilhien
Krzyzanowski, Francisco Carlos
Title in Portuguese
Tratamento de sementes de soja com injúrias mecânicas: efeitos sobre o seu potencial fisiológico
Keywords in Portuguese
Glycine max
Análise de imagens de sementes e de plântulas
Dano mecânico
Fitotoxicidade
Germinação
Vigor
Abstract in Portuguese
A ocorrência de injúrias mecânicas constitui um problema sério para produção de sementes de soja de alta qualidade. A presença dessas injúrias quando combinadas com tratamento químico de sementes, pode afetar negativamente o seu potencial fisiológico. O objetivo da pesquisa foi estudar os efeitos do tratamento químico sobre o potencial fisiológico de sementes de soja com níveis crescentes de injúrias mecânicas. Sementes provenientes de dois lotes do cultivar 'M6410 IPRO', apresentando diferenças de vigor, foram submetidas a cinco níveis de injúrias (zero, um, dois, três e quatro impactos) provocadas de forma controlada (S-injure) e a aplicação de quatro combinações de tratamento químico utilizando fungicidas (carbendazim e thiram), inseticidas (imidaclopride e tiocarbe), micronutrientes (cobalto e molibdênio), polímero (Peridiam®) e pó secante (Talkum Gloss®). Foram realizados os testes de raios X, microtomografia computadorizada de raios X, tetrazólio e hipoclorito de sódio para caracterização das injúrias mecânicas e o teste de sanidade de sementes. A avaliação do potencial fisiológico ocorreu em dois períodos: prontamente ao estabelecimento dos tratamentos da pesquisa (injúrias mecânicas e tratamentos químicos de sementes) e após 60 dias, período em que as sementes permaneceram em câmara fria e seca (20 ºC e 50% UR do ar). Foram realizados os testes de germinação, primeira contagem de germinação, emergência de plântulas em areia, envelhecimento acelerado e análise computadorizada de imagens de plântulas (Vigor-S). O aumento progressivo de injúrias mecânicas nas sementes de soja reduz o seu potencial fisiológico e aumenta a sua sensibilidade ao efeito fitotóxico do tratamento químico de sementes. Os tratamentos em que foram incluídos os inseticidas (imidaclopride e tiocarbe) prejudicam de forma mais acentuada o vigor das sementes, no momento em que são aplicados e após um período de 60 dias.
Title in English
Treatment of soybeans seeds with mechanical injuries: effects on their physiological potential
Keywords in English
Glycine max
Analysis of seed and seedling images
Germination
Mechanical damage
Phytotoxicity
Vigour
Abstract in English
The occurrence of mechanical injuries is a serious problem for the production of high quality soybean seeds. The presence of such injuries when combined with chemical seed treatment can adversely affect their physiological potential. The aim of the research was to study the effects of chemical treatment on the physiological potential of soybeans with increasing levels of mechanical injuries. Seeds from two batches of the 'M6410 IPRO' cultivar, with differences in vigour, were subjected to five levels of injuries (zero, one, two, three and four impacts) caused in a controlled manner (S-injure) and the application of four combinations of chemical treatment using fungicides (carbendazim and thiram), insecticides (imidacloprid and thiocarb), micronutrients (cobalt and molybdenum), polymer (Peridiam®) and drying powder (Talkum Gloss®). X-ray, X-ray computed microtomography, tetrazolium and sodium hypochlorite tests were performed to characterize mechanical injuries and the seed health test. The evaluation of the physiological potential occurred in two periods: promptly at the establishment of the research treatments (mechanical injuries and chemical treatments of seeds) and after 60 days, period in which the seeds remained in a cold and dry chamber (20 ºC and 50% RH of air). Germination tests, first germination count, emergence of seedlings in sand, accelerated aging and computerized seedling image analysis (Vigor-S) were performed. The progressive increase of mechanical injuries in soybean seeds reduces their physiological potential and increases their sensitivity to the phytotoxic effect of chemical seed treatment. The treatments in which insecticides (imidacloprid and thiocarb) were included have most severely impaired the vigour of the seed at the time it is applied and after a period of 60 days.
 
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Publishing Date
2019-12-17
 
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