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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.11.2014.tde-15092014-103452
Document
Author
Full name
Cláudio Renato Schlessner Kelling
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 2014
Supervisor
Committee
Reichardt, Klaus (President)
Scarpare Filho, João Alexio
Stolf, Rubismar
Gonçalves, Charleston
Sentelhas, Paulo Cesar
Title in Portuguese
Resposta da transpiração e do crescimento foliar de cultivares de crisântemo (Dendranthema grandiflora Tzvelev.) à fração de água transpirável no substrato
Keywords in Portuguese
Área foliar
Deficiência hídrica
Fechamento estomático
Floricultura
Abstract in Portuguese
Entender os mecanismos de defesa das plantas de crisântemo em resposta à deficiência hídrica é importante no processo produtivo desta cultura. O objetivo neste trabalho foi determinar a resposta da transpiração e do crescimento foliar, de cultivares de crisântemo (Dendranthema grandiflora Tzvelev.), ao conteúdo de água disponível em substrato, representado pela fração de água transpirável em substrato (FATS). Foram realizados dois experimentos, no setor de floricultura do Colégio Politécnico da UFSM, utilizando-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado, sendo um no fim da primavera de 2011, com aplicação dos tratamentos a partir de 09/12/2011 - e um no inverno de 2012, com aplicação dos tratamentos a partir de 07/07/2012. As plantas foram cultivadas em vasos de 2,8 litros, preenchidos com substrato e dispostos no interior de uma casa de vegetação com controle de temperatura. As cultivares de crisântemo utilizadas foram a Cherry White (de vaso), Repin Bronze (de corte), Apple Valley (de vaso) e Calábria (de corte). A FATS, a transpiração e o crescimento foliar foram determinados diariamente durante o período de imposição da deficiência hídrica em cada experimento. A FATS crítica no crisântemo que começa a afetar a transpiração, indicativo do início do fechamento estomático, é de 0,63 para a cultivar Cherry White; 0,60 para a cultivar Repin Bronze; 0,53 para a cultivar Apple Valley; e 0,51, para a cultivar Calábria. A redução do crescimento foliar inicia com um valor de FATS crítica de 0,67 para a cultivar Cherry White; 0,69 para a cultivar Repin Bronze; 0,59 para a cultivar Apple Valley e 0,54, para a cultivar Calábria. As cultivares Cherry White e Repin Bronze apresentam maior tolerância ao déficit hídrico do que as cultivares Apple Valley e Calábria. O crescimento foliar começa ser reduzido com um valor de FATS crítica maior do que o valor de FATS crítica em que a transpiração começa a ser reduzida. A deficiência hídrica afeta negativamente as variáveis de crescimento e de desenvolvimento de cultivares de crisântemo.
Title in English
Response of transpiration and leaf growth of chrysanthemum cultivars (Dendranthema grandiflora Tzvelev) to the fraction of transpirable substrate water
Keywords in English
Defense mechanisms
Floristry
Leaf area
Stomatal closure
Water stress
Abstract in English
Understand the defense mechanisms of plants of chrysanthemum in response to water stress is important in the production process of this crop. The objective of this study was to determine the response of the plant to transpiration and leaf growth of chrysanthemum cultivars (Dendranthema grandiflora Tzvelev.), related to the available water content in the substrate, represented by the fraction of transpirable substrate water (FTSW). Two Greenhouse experiments were conducted in the flower sector of the Polytechnic College UFSM, using a completely randomized design. One started end of spring of 2011, with application of treatments on 09/12/2011 and the second in winter 2012, with application of treatments on 07/07/2012. Plants were grown in 2.8 liter pots filled with substrate and arranged inside a greenhouse with temperature control. The chrysanthemum cultivars were Cherry White (potted), Repin Bronze (for cut), Apple Valley (potted) and Calabria (for cut). The FTSW, transpiration and leaf growth were determined daily during the period of imposition of water deficit in each experiment. The threshold FTSW for Chrysanthemum that begins to affect transpiration, is an indicative of early stomatal closure and was 0.63 for the cultivar Cherry White, 0.60 for Repin Bronze, 0.53 for Apple Valley and 0.51, for Calabria. Leaf growth began to be reduced at a threshold FTSW of 0.67 for Cherry White, 0.69 for Repin Bronze, 0.59 for Apple Valley and 0.54, for Calabria. Cultivars Cherry White and Bronze Repin proved to be more tolerant to water deficit than the cultivars Apple Valley and Calábria. The reduced leaf growth starts with a threshold FTSW value larger than the threshold FTSW value related to reduced transpirations. The water deficit negatively affected the variables of growth and development of the chrysanthemum cultivars.
 
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Publishing Date
2014-09-24
 
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