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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.11.2010.tde-25052010-092252
Document
Author
Full name
Vanessa Cristina Frare
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 2010
Supervisor
Committee
Camargo, Luis Eduardo Aranha (President)
Brunelli, Kátia Regiane
Denardin, Norimar Dávila
Menten, Jose Otavio Machado
Moraes, Maria Heloisa Duarte de
Title in Portuguese
Tratamento de sementes de melão (Cucumis melo L.) para o controle de Acidovorax avenae subsp. citrulli
Keywords in Portuguese
Bactérias fitopatogênicas
Doenças de plantas
Melão
Produtos fitossanitários
Semente - Tratamento.
Abstract in Portuguese
O melão é uma fruta de grande importância para o comércio de exportação do Brasil e, embora restrito a um pequeno número de estados produtores, o cultivo dessa fruta ampliou-se de forma significativa nos últimos anos. Um dos maiores problemas para essa cultura é a presença de patógenos, como a bactéria Acidovorax avenae subsp. citrulli (Aac), responsável por perdas de até 100%. O uso de sementes garantidamente sadias é a principal e mais efetiva medida de controle preconizada para essa bacteriose. Este trabalho teve como objetivo selecionar, in vitro e posteriormente in vivo, produtos capazes de erradicar a bactéria Aac de sementes de melão. Sessenta produtos fitossanitários comerciais foram selecionados para a avaliação do controle in vitro de quatro isolados, sendo nove bactericidas e 51 fungicidas, correspondendo a 6 e 45 ingredientes ativos distintos, respectivamente. Além desses produtos, avaliou-se também o efeito do óleo de melaleuca e do ácido peroxiacético sobre o crescimento dos isolados. Nos ensaios in vivo, sementes inoculadas e naturalmente infectadas foram tratadas, de maneira convencional e a vácuo, com os produtos e doses selecionados no ensaio in vitro. Todas as plântulas foram avaliadas quanto à presença de sintomas característicos de mancha-aquosa aos 21 dias após a emergência. Os antibióticos casugamicina (100 e 200 ug/L), oxitetraciclina (10, 100 e 200 ug/L), oxitetraciclina+sulfato de cobre (10, 100 e 200 ug/L), os fungicidas captana, carboxina+tiram, cloreto de benzalcônio, mancozebe+oxicloreto de cobre, metiram, metiram+piraclostrobina e tebuconazol, nas doses de 100 e 200 ug/L e o ácido peroxiacético a partir da dose de 300 ug/L apresentaram resultados satisfatórios na avaliação in vitro. No ensaio in vivo nenhum tratamento foi eficiente na erradicação da bactéria das sementes.
Title in English
Melon (Cucumis melo L.) seeds treatment to control Acidovorax avenae subsp. citrulli
Keywords in English
Melon
Phytopathogenic bacteria
Phytosanitary products
Plant diseases
Seed - treatment.
Abstract in English
Melon is a fruit of great importance for the export trade of Brazil. Although cultivated in a small number of states, the cropping of this fruit has expanded significantly in recent years. Pathogens represent the most limiting factors, among which stands out the bacterium Acidovorax avenae subsp. citrulli (Aac), responsible for up to 100% losses. The use of healthy seed is the main and the most effective control measure of this bacterium. This study aimed to select first in vitro and subsequently in vivo, erradicant chemicals of Aac in melon seeds. Sixty commercial products were were tested in vitro in the control of four isolates, being nine bactericides and 51 fungicides, corresponding to six and 45 distinct active ingredients, respectively. Besides these products the effects of oil of the melaleuca tea tree and peroxyacetic acid were also evaluated. In the in vivo tests, inoculated and naturally infected seeds were treated by conventional manner and under vacuum, with the products and doses selected in the in vitro test. All seedlings were evaluated for the presence of characteristic bacterial fruit blotch symptoms at 21 days after emergence. The antibiotics kasugamycin (100 and 200 ug/L), oxytetracycline (10, 100 and 200 ug/L), oxytetracycline+copper sulphate (10, 100 and 200 ug/L), the fungicides captan, carboxin+thiram, benzalkonium chloride, mancozeb+copper oxychloride, metiran, metiran+pyraclostrobin and tebuconazole at doses of 100 and 200 ug/L and peroxyacetic acid at the dose of 300 ug/L showed satisfactory results in the in vitro control of the bacterium. However, no chemical efficiently eradicated the bacterium from the seeds in the "in vivo" tests.
 
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Publishing Date
2010-06-09
 
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