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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.11.2004.tde-25032004-142853
Document
Author
Full name
Ana Paula de Oliveira Amaral Mello
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 2003
Supervisor
Committee
Bedendo, Ivan Paulo (President)
Maringoni, Antonio Carlos
Camargo, Luis Eduardo Aranha
Title in Portuguese
Identificação molecular de fitoplasma associado ao enfezamento do tomateiro (Lycopersicon esculentum) e da berinjela (Solanum melongena).
Keywords in Portuguese
berinjela
enfezamento(doença de planta)
fitoplasma
marcador molecular
tomate
Abstract in Portuguese
Fitoplasmas, procariotos sem parede celular e habitantes de floema, têm causado danos consideráveis em diversas culturas comercialmente importantes. A associação desses fitopatógenos com várias doenças que ocorrem em espécies hortícolas têm sido comumente registradas tanto no território brasileiro como em outras regiões do mundo. Em áreas de plantio comercial, na região de Piracicaba-SP e Bragança Paulista-SP, plantas de tomate e berinjela apresentando porte reduzido, clorose foliar acentuada, produção exagerada de pequenos ramos, desenvolvimento anormal do cálice, encurtamento de entre-nós, redução no tamanho de folhas, flores e frutos, que podem ser traduzidos em sintomas de enfezamento, foram observadas evidenciando infecção por fitoplasma. Através da técnica de duplo PCR utilizando os oligonucleotídeos universais R16 mF1/mR2 e R16 F2n/R2, fragmentos de DNA de 1,2 Kb foram amplificados de amostras sintomáticas, demonstrando a presença de fitoplasma nos tecidos das plantas. Nenhum fragmento foi detectado em plantas sadias. O exame de tecidos do floema de plantas sintomáticas, submetidos ao microscópio eletrônico de transmissão, revelou a presença de corpúsculos pleomórficos no interior dos vasos, corroborando com os resultados da detecção através de PCR. O uso de oligonucleotídeos específicos para identificação demonstrou a ocorrência de fitoplasmas afiliados ao grupo 16SrIII, tanto em tomate quanto em berinjela. Análises de RFLP, usando as enzimas de restrição AluI, MseI, HpaII, KpnI, RsaI, HhaI e MboI, confirmaram a ocorrência de fitoplasmas do referido grupo em ambas as espécies vegetais. Para confirmar os resultados de RFLP, os fragmentos de DNA de 1,2 Kb dos fitoplasmas presentes em tomate e berinjela, amplificados com o par de iniciadores R16 F2n/R2, foram clonados em Escherichia coli para a determinação de suas seqüências de nucleotídeos. Os fragmentos clonados sequenciados foram comparados, por homologia de nucleotídeos, entre si e com isolados cujas seqüências já haviam sido depositadas no "GenBank". O resultado do sequenciamento revelou heterogeneidade das seqüências do gene 16S rDNA ocorrendo em alguns isolados, demonstrando e confirmando a variabilidade genética de organismos do grupo 16SrIII presentes no Brasil.
Title in English
Molecular identification of phytoplasma associated to tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) and eggplant (Solanum melongena) stunting.
Keywords in English
eggplant
phytoplasma
stunt
tomato
Abstract in English
Phytoplasmas are cell wall-less prokaryotes and phloem- inhabitants. They caused considerable damages in some commercially important crops in the Brazilian territory and others regions of the world. It has been observed in the region of Piracicaba and Bragança Paulista, São Paulo State, commercial fields of eggplant and tomate showing reduced size, extensive chlorosis, proliferation of axillary buds, abnormal development of calyx, internode shortening and small leaves, flowers and fruits. These symptoms can be translated by stunting, making clear the phytoplasma infection. Presence of phytophasm was confirmed by nested PCR assay with the universal primer R16 F2N/R2 where DNA fragments of 1.2 kb were amplified from symptomatic samples. No fragments was observed in healthy plants. Analysis of symptomatic plant’s phloem tissue when submitted to electron microscope of transmission, disclosed the presence of pleomorphic bodies inside the tissues, corroborating with the results of detection by PCR assay. The use of specific primers for groups demonstrated the phytoplasmas occurrence associated to the 16SrIII group, in both tomato and eggplant. RFLP analyses using AluI, MseI, HpaII, KpnI, RsaI, HhaI and MboI restriction enzymes confirmed the occurrence of phytoplasmas on 16SrIII group in both plant species with typical stunting symptoms. The products of 1.2 kb of tomato and eggplant isolates amplified with the pair of primers R16 F2n/R2, were cloned in Escherichia coli to determine nucleotides sequence and to confirm the RFLP results. The nucleotide sequences were compared by homology and with isolates whose sequence have been already deposited in the "GenBank". The results revealed 16S rRNA sequence heterogeneity occurring in some isolates showing the genetic variability of group 16SrIII phytoplasma in Brazil.
 
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Publishing Date
2004-03-29
 
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