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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.101.2015.tde-31032015-163811
Document
Author
Full name
Matheus Soldi Hardt
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2015
Supervisor
Committee
Onuki, Janina (President)
Araujo, Gustavo Batista
Oliveira, Amâncio Jorge Silva Nunes de
Title in Portuguese
Os determinantes que influenciam na adesão aos regimes internacionais de direitos humanos
Keywords in Portuguese
Adesão a tratados internacionais
Direitos humanos
Paz democrática
Regime político
Regimes internacionais
Abstract in Portuguese
O estudo de adesão a regimes internacionais se desenvolveu na década de 1990 e a partir de então seu crescimento se deu majoritariamente no campo empírico, principalmente nos estudos sobre regimes de direitos humanos. Para além dessa constatação, quanto mais o campo de estudo de adesão aos regimes internacionais amadurece, mais os estudos tendem a analisar os aspectos domésticos que levaram à adesão de uma norma internacional e quais as implicações políticas de seguir ou não um determinado regime. Tendo em vista esse panorama geral, esta dissertação de mestrado pretende analisar quais as circunstâncias político-sociais domésticas que levam um país a aderir um regime de direitos humanos, no período de 1966 a 2012. Para tanto, analisamos seis tratados internacionais: o Pacto Internacional dos Direitos Econômicos, Sociais e Culturais (1966), o Pacto Internacional de Direitos Civis e Políticos (1966), a Convenção sobre a Eliminação de Todas as Formas de Discriminação contra a Mulher (1979), a Convenção contra a tortura e outros tratamentos ou penas cruéis, desumanos ou degradantes (1984) e a Convenção do Direito das Crianças (1989) e seu Protocolo Adicional (2000). Os resultados indicam que a variável que mais impacta a adesão é o tipo de regime político do Estado, as democracias tendem a aderir mais aos regimes internacionais de direitos humanos do que as autocracias. O que reforça a teoria da Paz Democrática, que investiga se há uma diferença no plano internacional entre o comportamento das democracias em relação às autocracias.
Title in English
Determinants that influence the membership to international human rights regimes
Keywords in English
Democracy peace
Human rights
International regimes
Political regime
Abstract in English
The studies of ratification to international regimes developed in the 1990s and since then its growth was mainly in the empirical field, especially in studies on human rights regimes. In addition to this observation, the more the study of membership to international regimes field matures, the more the studies tend to analyze the domestic aspects that led to the membership of an international norm and to understand the political implications to comply or not with a particular regime. Given this overall picture, this dissertation aims at examining the domestic political and social circumstances that lead a country to join a human rights regime, from 1966 to 2012. Therefore, six international treaties were analyzed: the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (1966), the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (1966), the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (1979), the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (1984) and the Convention of the Rights of Children (1989) and its Additional Protocol (2000). The results indicate that the variable that most impacts the membership is the political regime of a state, democracies tend to adhere more to international human rights regimes than autocracies. This reinforces the theory of Democratic Peace, which investigates whether there is a difference at the international level between the behavior of democracies in relation to autocracies.
 
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Publishing Date
2015-04-01
 
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