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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.101.2012.tde-17072013-122025
Document
Author
Full name
José Mauro Cardoso Delella
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2012
Supervisor
Committee
Lins, Maria Antonieta Del Tedesco (President)
Schor, Adriana
Turolla, Frederico Araujo
Title in Portuguese
Diferenças no desempenho econômico dos países durante e após a crise financeira de 2008-2009 fortalecem Bretton Woods 2?
Keywords in Portuguese
Bretton Woods 2
Câmbio
China
Crise Financeira
Reservas Internacionais
Sistema Financeiro Internacional
Abstract in Portuguese
O sistema de Bretton Woods 2 propõe a existência, nos dias atuais, de uma dinâmica semelhante à vigente até 1971, na qual os EUA continuam como economia central e os países asiáticos passam a ocupar o papel de nova periferia, com estratégias de desenvolvimento baseadas na competitividade de seu setor exportador de modo a construir um estoque doméstico de capital capaz de competir nos mercados internacionais. O debate sobre esse sistema ganhou relevância durante a década de 2000, associado às discussões sobre os desequilíbrios globais, e se intensificou com a crise de 2008-09. As previsões feitas pelos críticos do arranjo de Bretton Woods 2, que anteviam um movimento de fuga dos ativos denominados em dólar e a desvalorização da moeda norte-americana, não se confirmaram. Ao contrário, nos momentos de maior aversão a risco, a demanda por títulos do Tesouro dos EUA cresceu significativamente. O desempenho econômico dos países alinhados ao sistema também foi aparentemente melhor do que a média global durante a crise, com menor desaceleração e retomada mais rápida, sendo a China frequentemente destacada como exemplo de sucesso econômico no período. Este estudo tem como proposta avaliar em que medida o desempenho econômico dos países alinhados ao sistema de Bretton Woods 2 realmente diferiu daquele dos não alinhados, durante e logo após a crise. Conjuntamente, o estudo investiga se o desempenho na crise teria servido como incentivo a outros países para um alinhamento ao modelo e conclui que, embora tenha havido ações pontuais nesse sentido, as políticas que caracterizariam uma adesão mais evidente ao sistema de Bretton Woods 2 são ações de difícil compatibilização em países democráticos, com contas de capital relativamente abertas e objetivos conflitantes de política econômica, particularmente em momentos de crise.
Title in English
Have differences in the economic performance of countries during and after the financial crisis of 2008-2009 strengthened Bretton Woods II?
Keywords in English
Bretton Woods 2
China
Currency
Financial Crisis
International Financial System
International Reserves
Abstract in English
The Bretton Woods 2 system proposes the existence, at the current time, of a system similar to that which was in force up until 1971, whereby the US remains as the central economy and the Asian countries assume the role of a new periphery, with development strategies based on their export sectors so as to build a domestic stock of capital capable of competing on the international markets. The debate over this system assumed greater importance during the 2000s, in connection with the discussions regarding global imbalances, and intensified during the financial crisis The predictions made by the critics of the Bretton Woods 2 system, who had foreseen that there would be a flight out of dollar denominated assets and a devaluation of the US currency, failed to come about. To the contrary, there was a marked increase in the demand for US treasury bills at times of increased risk aversion. The economic performance of those countries which were linked to the system was apparently better than the global average observed during the crisis, with less deceleration being registered along with faster recovery, with China frequently being pointed to as an example of economic success during this period. The aim of this study is to determine to what degree the economic performance of the countries aligned with the Bretton Woods 2 system really differed from that of countries which were not aligned, both during as well as shortly after the crisis. In addition the study examines whether the performance during the crisis encouraged other countries to align themselves with the model and concludes that, although there were specific actions in this sense, policies which would characterize a clearer compliance to the Bretton Woods 2 system would be hard to reconcile in democratic countries, with relatively open capital accounts and conflicting economic policy objectives, particularly in times of crisis.
 
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Publishing Date
2013-07-18
 
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