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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.100.2018.tde-26112018-112605
Document
Author
Full name
Laís Alcântara Tigre
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2018
Supervisor
Committee
Araujo, Mauricio de Campos (President)
Borelli, Camilla
Mello, Jefferson Agostini
Tinoco Gomez, Oscar Rafael
Title in Portuguese
Manufatura de tapeçarias andinas: culturas pré-colombianas - Mochicas e Chimús
Keywords in Portuguese
Chimú
História
Moche
Tecnologia têxtil
Têxteis peruanos
Abstract in Portuguese
A tapeçaria é uma das formas mais antigas de tecelagem. Esse tipo de tecido possibilita a criação de imagens complexas e suas técnicas e origem são um grande mistério na história geral. A produção têxtil no Peru vem de por volta de 8000 anos a. C. e ao longo da história da região, diferentes culturas desenvolveram a tecnologia têxtil até a chegar à tecnologia manual que temos hoje. As culturas Moche e Chimú viveram na costa norte peruana e desenvolveram técnicas de tecelagem, dentre elas a tapeçaria, que são realizadas até hoje no país, com desenhos antigos e desenhos novos. Os objetivos deste estudo foram: investigar a manufatura de tapeçarias dos séculos XIII à XVI no Peru, distinguindo entre as culturas Mochica e Chimú; demonstrar como a tecnologia manual da produção têxtil, foi empregada nas artes têxteis de Elena Izcue e nas tapeçarias de Maximo Laura, mostrando uma continuidade do povo peruano em usar a mesma temática de seus ancestrais e demonstrar como as técnicas ancestrais são usadas hoje para manter comunidades que permanecem utilizando elementos culturais tradicionais e como eles utilizam a manufatura para permanecer com uma identidade cultural e agregar valor aos têxteis produzidos no Peru. Foi realizada uma pesquisa documental e visitas de campo nos sítios arqueológicos e eventos utilizados para manter as técnicas ancestrais ativas. A revisão bibliográfica gerou uma discussão que possibilitou a comparação entre as duas culturas, que apesar de semelhantes em seus desenhos tinham diferenças nas técnicas para produção têxtil, a comparação de Elena Izcue e Maximo Laura no uso dos motivos pré-colombianos em suas obras e a demonstração, através de teóricos clássicos dos estudos culturais, de que as técnicas tradicionais de manufatura têxtil são uma forma de identidade cultural. Foi possível concluir que as atividades tradicionais são uma forma de manter o modo de vida dos povos que vivem em comunidades interioranas e que ainda hoje preservam os rituais e tradições de seus antepassados; que a identidade cultura peruana está atrelada a atividade de produção têxtil manual
Title in English
Manufacturing of Andean tapestries: pre-colombians cultures Mochicas and Chimús
Keywords in English
Chimú
History
Moche
Peruvian textiles
Textile technology
Abstract in English
Tapestry is one of the oldest forms of weaving. This type of fabric enables the creation of complex images. Their techniques, and origin, are a great mystery in general history. The textile production in Peru comes from around 8000 years a. C. and throughout the history of the region, different cultures have developed the textile technology until the manual technology that we have today. The Moche and Chimú cultures lived on the northern Peruvian coast and developed weaving techniques, among them tapestry, which are held until today in the country, with old designs and new designs. The objectives of this study were: to investigate the manufacture of tapestries from the 13th to 16th centuries in Peru, distinguishing between the Mochica and Chimú culture; demonstrate how the manual technology of textile production was used in the textile arts of Elena Izcue and in the tapestries of Maximo Laura, showing a continuity of the Peruvian people in using the same theme of their ancestors and demonstrating how the ancestral techniques are used today to maintain communities who remain using traditional cultural elements and how they use manufacturing to remain with a cultural identity and add value to the textiles produced in Peru. Documentary research and field visits were carried out at the archaeological sites and events used to keep the ancestral techniques active. The literature review generated a discussion that allowed the comparison between the two cultures, which although similar in their drawings had differences in techniques for textile production, the comparison of Elena Izcue and Maximo Laura in the use of pre-Columbian motifs in their works and the demonstration, through classical cultural studies theorists, that traditional textile manufacturing techniques are a form of cultural identity. It was possible to conclude that traditional activities are a way of maintaining the way of life of the peoples who live in interior communities and who still today preserve the rituals and traditions of their ancestors; that the Peruvian identity is linked to the activity of manual textile production
 
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Publishing Date
2018-12-06
 
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