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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.10.2015.tde-12082015-160012
Document
Author
Full name
Rafael Villela Barletta
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Pirassununga, 2014
Supervisor
Committee
Rennó, Francisco Palma (President)
Gobesso, Alexandre Augusto de Oliveira
Santos, Marcos Veiga dos
Saran Netto, Arlindo
Zanetti, Marcus Antonio
Title in Portuguese
Avaliação da cinética ruminal e fluxo abomasal de ácidos graxos em vacas leiteiras suplementadas com fontes lipídicas
Keywords in Portuguese
Ácidos graxos
Digestão
Produção de leite
Sementes de oleaginosas
Abstract in Portuguese
O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a biohidrogenação ruminal e o fluxo intestinal de ácidos graxos em vacas leiteiras suplementadas com diferentes fontes lipídicas. Foram utilizadas 8 vacas da raça Holandesa no terço médio de lactação (180 ± 20 dias em lactação; média ± DP) canuladas no rúmen e abomaso (580 ± 20 kg de peso corporal; media ± DP), agrupadas em dois quadrados latinos 4 x 4 balanceados, que foram alimentadas com as seguintes dietas: 1) Controle (C), dieta a base de milho e farelo de soja; 2) Óleo de soja (OS); 3) Grão de soja in natura (GS); e 4) sais de cálcio de ácidos graxos insaturados (SC). Houve efeito das fontes lipídicas (P<0,05) sobre o consumo de matéria seca, proteína bruta, FDN e CNF, onde os animais submetidos às dietas com estas fontes apresentaram menor consumo. Os valores de ph ruminal foram maiores (P<0,05) para os animais suplementados com as fontes lipídicas. A relação C2/C3, foi menor (P<0,05) nos animais que receberam as dietas com lipídios. A produção de leite, síntese de proteína microbiana e os balanços de energia e nitrogênio não foram influenciados pelas dietas experimentais. Os animais que receberam as dietas contendo fontes lipídicas apresentaram maiores concentrações séricas de colesterol total (P<0,05). A utilização de grão de soja cru integral influenciou positivamente o teor de gordura no leite, e levou a menores concentrações de CLAs no perfil de AG do leite. A digestibilidade da FDN e a taxa de passagem da MS foram menores nos animais submetidos às dietas com fontes lipídicas (P<0,05). O consumo e fluxo abomasal de AG foram maiores (P<0,05) nos animais suplementados com fontes lipídicas. As fontes protegidas (SC e GS), promoveram maior fluxo abomasal de C18:2 e menores taxas de bio-hidrogenação quando comparados com a dieta OS. A utilização de grão de soja cru e integral aumentou o fluxo abomasal de C18:2 com menores alterações nos processos digestórios e no metabolismo animal.
Title in English
Evaluation of ruminal kinetics and abomasal flow off fatty acids in dairy cows supplemented with fat sources
Keywords in English
Digestion
Fatty Acids
Milk production
Oil seeds
Abstract in English
The objective of this study was to evaluate the ruminal biohydrogenation and intestinal flow of fatty acids in dairy cows supplemented with different lipid sources. Eight Holstein cows in mid lactation (180 ± 20 days in milk; mean ± SD) cannulated in the rumen and abomasum (580 ± 20 kg body weight; mean ± SD) were assigned randomly into in two 4 x 4 balanced latin squares, fed with the following diets: 1) control (C) diet based on corn and soybean meal; 2) soybean oil (SO); 3) whole raw soybean (WS); and 4) calcium salts of unsaturated fatty acids (CS). There was effect of lipid sources (P <0.05) on intake of dry matter, crude protein, NDF and NFC, where the animals fed with these sources had lower values. The ruminal pH values were higher (P <0.05) for animals supplemented with lipid sources. The C2 / C3 ratio was lower (P <0.05) in animals fed diets with lipids. Milk production, microbial protein synthesis and energy and nitrogen balances were not influenced by experimental diets. Animals fed diets containing lipid sources had higher serum concentrations of total cholesterol (P <0.05). The use of whole raw soybean influenced positively the fat content in milk, and led to lower concentrations of CLAs in the milk FA profile. NDF digestibility and DM passage rate were lower in animals fed diets with fat sources (P <0.05). Intake and abomasal flow of FA was higher (P <0.05) for animals supplemented with fat sources. Protected sources (CS and WS) promoted greater abomasal flow of C18: 2 and smaller biohydrogenation rate compared to the SO diet. The use of whole raw soybean increased abomasal flow of C18: 2, with less changes in digestive processes and animal metabolism.
 
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Publishing Date
2015-08-26
 
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