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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.10.2012.tde-28092012-165944
Document
Author
Full name
João Marcelo Brandini Nespoli
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2012
Supervisor
Committee
Ferreira Neto, José Soares (President)
Ferreira, Fernando
Negreiros, Rísia Lopes
Title in Portuguese
Situação epidemiológica da tuberculose bovina no Estado de Mato Grosso
Keywords in Portuguese
Bovina
Brasil
Fatores associados
Fatores de risco
Mato Grosso
Prevalência
Tuberculose
Abstract in Portuguese
Realizou-se um estudo para caracterizar a situação epidemiológica da tuberculose bovina no Estado de Mato Grosso. O Estado foi estratificado em quatro circuitos produtores. Em cada circuito as propriedades foram sorteadas aleatoriamente e, dentro dessas, escolheu-se de forma aleatória um número pré-estabelecido de animais, os quais foram submetidos ao teste tuberculínico Cervical Comparativo. No total foram amostrados 28.878 animais, provenientes de 1.133 propriedades. Os animais que resultaram inconclusivos foram retestados com o mesmo procedimento diagnóstico em intervalo mínimo de 60 dias. Foram classificadas como foco de tuberculose as propriedades com até 20 bovinos amostrados e pelo menos um resultado positivo, assim como, aquelas com 40 animais amostrados e dois ou mais resultados positivos. Em cada propriedade amostrada aplicou-se um questionário para verificar o tipo de exploração e as práticas de criação e sanitárias que poderiam constituir fatores de risco para a doença. As prevalências de focos e de animais infectados no Estado foram de 1,3% [0,7; 2,4%] e 0,123% [0,034; 0,440%], respectivamente. Para os circuitos as prevalências de focos e de animais infectados foram, respectivamente, de: circuito pantanal, 0,0 [0,0; 2,0] e 0,000 [0,000; 0,076]; circuito leite, 1,3 [0,5; 3,1] e 0,037 [0,008; 0,168]; circuito engorda, 0,7 [0,2; 2,7] e 0,010 [0,003; 0,043]; circuito cria, 1,7 [0,7; 4,1] e 0,240 [0,064; 0,904]. O pequeno número de casos detectados (12) inviabilizou um estudo completo para individualização dos fatores de risco envolvidos. Resultaram associados à condição de foco os tipos de exploração leite e misto (Χ2 = 11,8; p = 0,003), entrega de leite (Χ2 = 7,8; p = 0,006) e ordenha mecanizada (Χ2 = 9,1; p = 0,006). No Estado a prevalência de tuberculose bovina, tanto de focos quanto de animais, é baixa e a infecção está mais concentrada em propriedades de leite com maior grau de tecnificação no modo de produção. Em vista disso, a implementação de um sistema de vigilância para detecção e saneamento dos focos residuais constitui a melhor alternativa para o controle da doença no Estado.
Title in English
Epidemiological situation of bovine tuberculosis in the State of Mato Grosso
Keywords in English
Associated factors
Bovine
Brazil
Mato Grosso
Prevalence
Risk factors
Tuberculosis
Abstract in English
A study to characterize the epidemiological situation of bovine tuberculosis in the State of Mato Grosso was conducted. The State was divided into four regions of production. The properties were randomly drawn for each of the regions and, among those a pre-established number of animals was selected, also in a random fashion, which were subjected to the Comparative Cervical tuberculin test. A total of 28,878 animals from 1,133 farms were sampled. Animals with inconclusive results were retested using the same diagnostic procedure with a minimum interval of 60 days. Herds were classified as tuberculosis infected when there was at least one positive result in up to 20 bovines tested as well as two or more positive results in 40 animals tested. A survey was completed for each property sampled to determine the type of farming, husbandry and sanitary practices, which could be risk factors for the disease. The prevalence of infected herds and animals in the State were, respectively: 1.3% [0.7; 2.4%] and 0.123% [0.034; 0.440%]. For each region, the prevalence of infected herds and animals were: pantanal region, 0.0 [0.0; 2.0] and 0.000 [0.000; 0.076]; dairy region, 1.3 [0.5; 3.1] and 0.037 [0.008; 0.168]; fattening cattle region, 0.7 [0.2; 2.7] and 0.010 [0.003; 0.043]; calf rearing region, 1.7 [0.7; 4.1] and 0.240 [0.064; 0.904]. The small number of cases detected (12) prevented a complete study to individualize the risk factors involved. What resulted to be associated with positive herds were: dairy and mixed type of farming (Χ2 = 11.8; p = 0.003), milk delivery (Χ2 = 7.8; p = 0.006) and mechanical milking (Χ2 = 9.1; p = 0.006). The prevalence of bovine tuberculosis in the State of Mato Grosso is low for both infected herds and animals and the infection is concentrated in dairy farms with higher technology farming practices. In sight of this, the implementation of a surveillance system for detection and sanitation of residual outbreaks are the best alternative for the control of the disease in the state.
 
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Publishing Date
2013-05-29
 
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