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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.10.2010.tde-27092012-102620
Document
Author
Full name
Cidéli de Paula Coelho
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2010
Supervisor
Committee
Benites, Nilson Roberti (President)
Bonamin, Leoni Villano
Knöbl, Terezinha
Moreno, Andrea Micke
Moretti, Anibal de Sant Anna
Title in Portuguese
Avaliação de tratamento Homeopático em suínos infectados por Escherichia coli
Keywords in Portuguese
Escherichia coli
Bioterápicos
Homeopatia
PCR
Suínos
Abstract in Portuguese
Escherichia coli é o agente etiológico mais importante das diarréias neonatais em suínos, sendo a Enterotoxigênica (ETEC) a mais comumente isolada. Foram descritos cinco tipos principais de fímbrias: F4 (K88), F5 (K99), F6 (987P), F18 e F41 e enterotoxinas termolábeis (LT), termoestáveis (ST), e a toxina shiga-like ou verotoxina (Stx2) em isolados de origem suína envolvidas no processo de diarréia. A exigência do consumidor em busca de carnes sem resíduos químicos e a proibição do uso de antibióticos e quimioterápicos na produção de suínos, bem como o custo de tratamentos alopáticos, tem levado a suinocultura a procurar alternativas. O presente estudo foi desenvolvido em granjas de suínos no Estado de São Paulo e Mato Grosso, Brasil. Foram avaliados 157 leitões, e realizados 243 coletas de fezes. Coletas de fezes de 3 e 8 leitões com diarréia foram realizadas em cada granja, visando a pesquisa da presença de Escherichia coli para a preparação do medicamento Bioterápico. Concomitantemente uma anamnese detalhada foi feita para a escolha do medicamento homeopático ideal para cada granja (China off 30 CH, Phosphorus 30 CH e Pulsatilla 30 CH respectivamente). Formados 4 grupos de 12 leitões e suas respectivas mães (primíparas), os tratamentos foram simultâneos: controle (antimicrobiano empregado na granja), medicamento homeopático, Bioterápico de E.coli e medicamento homeopático associado com o respectivo Bioterápico. Os medicamentos foram feitos segundo a farmacotécnica homeopática brasileira. Foi realizada a pesquisa de fatores de virulência e enterotoxinas em 154 colônias de. Escherichia coli através da Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase (PCR). No tratamento da diarréia os grupos tratados com medicamentos homeopáticos passaram de 58,3% de animais com diarréia para 5,5% ao final do tratamento, uma diferença estatisticamente significante (p< 0,05), e os grupos de medicamento e Bioterápico 30 CH associados também apresentaram significante redução de animais doentes (p< 0,05), pois passaram de 47,0% de animais com diarréia no inicio para 20,0% ao final. No ganho de peso os mesmos grupos obtiveram maiores ganhos, com resultados de forma estatisticamente significante (p< 0,05) em relação aos outros grupos. Nos animais com E.coli foram encontrados apenas o fator de virulência F41 em 10,4% dos animais e a enterotoxina Stb em 1,9% dos animais. Concluí-se que os medicamentos homeopáticos são uma alternativa eficiente para o uso em distúrbios entéricos em suínos, assim como para aumentar o ganho de peso, além de ser mais econômico.
Title in English
Evaluation of homeopathic treatment in swine infected by Escherichia coli
Keywords in English
Escherichia coli
Biotherapic
Homeopathy
PCR
Swine
Abstract in English
Escherichia coli is the most important aetiological agent in neonatal diarrhoea in swine, and Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is the most commonly isolated. Five main types of fimbriae were described: F4 (K88), F5 (K99), F6 (987P), F18 and F41 and thermolabile (LT) and thermostable enterotoxins (ST), and shiga-like toxin or verotoxin (Stx2) in isolates of swine origin, involved in the diarrhoea process. The consumer's demand for residues-free meat and the prohibition for the use of antibiotics and chemotherapy treatments in the swine production, as well as the cost of allopathic treatment have caused the pig farming to search for alternatives. This study been developed in swine farms in the states of São Paulo and Mato Grosso, Brazil. 157 piglets were studied and 243 feces collection were carried out. Feces collection from 3 to 8 piglets having diarrhoea were carried out in each swine farm, with the aim to research the presence of Escherichia coli and to prepare biotherapic medicines. Concurrently, a detailed anamnesis was made for choosing the ideal homeopathic medication for each swine farm (China off 30 CH, Phosphorus 30 CH and Pulsatilla 30 CH respectively). Four groups of 12 piglets and their respective primiparous mother pigs were formed, and the treatments happened simultaneously: control group (antimicrobial treatment, the same used in the swine farm), homeopathic medication, E. coli biotherapic and homeopathic medication associated to the respective biotherapic. The medications were made according to the Brazilian Homeopathic Pharmacopeia. The research of virulence factors and enterotoxins was carried out in 154 Escherichia coli colonies through Polymerase Chain Reaction - PCR. Regarding to the treatment of diarrhoea, the homeopathy treated groups passed from 58.3% of animals having diarrhoea to 5.5% at the end of the treatment (p<0.05); the groups treated with medication + biotherapic 30 CH associated also presented significance reduction of sick animals (p< 0.05), as they passed from 47.0% of animals having diarrhea to 20.0% at the end. The same groups got better weight gaining rates, with results statistically significant (p< 0.05), in relation to other groups. Only the F41 virulence factor was found in 10.4% of the studied animals. The enterotoxin Stb was found in only 1.9% of the animals. It is concluded that the homeopathic medications are an efficient alternative as for the use in enteric disorders in swine, as to increase the gain of weight, besides being more economical.
 
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