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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.10.2008.tde-12012009-084718
Document
Author
Full name
Flávia Carolina Souza de Oliveira
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2008
Supervisor
Committee
Vasconcellos, Silvio Arruda (President)
Azevedo, Sérgio Santos de
Richtzenhain, Leonardo José
Title in Portuguese
Leptospirose bovina no Estado da Bahia Brasil. Prevalência, sorovares predominantes, distribuição espacial e fatores de risco
Keywords in Portuguese
Bovinos (fêmeas)
Leptospirose
Prevalência
Abstract in Portuguese
O objetivo do presente trabalho foi determinar a soroprevalência da leptospirose bovina no Estado da Bahia, bem como identificar fatores de risco associados à infecção. A amostragem foi delineada para a determinação da prevalência de propriedades positivas (focos) e de animais soropositivos para a leptospirose. O Estado foi dividido em quatro circuitos produtores, nos quais foram amostradas 10.823 fêmeas bovinas com idade ≥24 meses distribuídas em 1.414 propriedades. Na ocasião da colheita de sangue, foi aplicado um questionário epidemiológico por propriedade e as coordenadas geográficas foram obtidas com um aparelho de GPS. A reação de Soroaglutinação Microscópica (SAM), empregando 24 sorovares de Leptospira spp. como antígenos, foi utilizada como teste diagnóstico. O rebanho foi considerado foco quando apresentou pelo menos um animal soropositivo. As prevalências de foco e de animais soropositivos no Estado foram de 77,93% [75,73% 79.99%] e 45,42% [42,00% 48,88%], respectivamente. O sorovar mais freqüente foi o Hardjoprajitno, com 34,49% [31,93% 37,14%] de propriedades positivas e 14,95% [12,59% - 17,67%] de animais soropositivos. Nos circuitos produtores 1, 2, 3 e 4, as prevalências de focos foram de 62,40% [57,43% 67,13%], 88,10% [84,16% 91,15%], 77,47% [72,88% 81,49%] e 78,25% [73,47% 82,37%], e as prevalências de animais soropositivos foram de 42,52% [35,82% 49,51%], 48,60% [43,68% 53,56%], 47,72% [40,36% 55,18%] e 44,18% [38,13% 50,41%], respectivamente. A compra de reprodutores, presença de animais silvestres, utilização de pasto compartilhado, presença de eqüinos, cães e suínos, presença de cervídeos, abate de reprodutores nas fazendas, existência de áreas alagadiças, exploração de corte, aluguel de pasto e predominância de raças especializadas foram os principais fatores de risco identificados. A presença de gatos foi um fator de proteção contra a leptospirose.
Title in English
Bovine leptospirose in the State of the Brazil Bahia. Prevalence, sorovares predominant, space distribution and factors of risk
Keywords in English
Bovine (females)
Leptospirosis
Prevalence
Abstract in English
The aim of this work was to determine the seroprevalence of bovine leptospirosis in Bahia State, Northeastern Brazil, as well as to identify risk factors associated to infection. The sampling was delineated for the determination of the prevalence of positive herds and seropositive animals for bovine leptospiroses. The State was divided into four productive circuits in which 10,823 bovine females aged ≥24 months allocated in 1,414 herds were sampled. On the occasion of the blood collection, an epidemiological questionnaire was applied in each herd and the geographical coordinates were obtained with a GPS. The Microscopic Agglutination Teste (MAT), using 24 Leptospira spp. serovars as antigens, was employed as diagnostic test. The herd was considered positive if at least one animal was seropositive. The prevalences of positive herds and seropositive animals in State were 77. 93% [75.73% 79.99%] and 45.42% [42.00% 48.88%], respectively. Serovar Hardjoprajitno was the most frequent, with 34.49% [31.93% 37.14%] of positive herds and 14.95% [12.59% - 17.67%] of seropositive animals. In the productive circuits 1, 2, 3 and 4, the prevalences of positive herds were 62.40% [57.43% 67.13%], 88.10% [84.16% 91.15%], 77.47% [72.88% 81.49%] and 78.25% [73.47% 82.37%], and the revalences of seropositive animals were 42.52% [35.82% 49.51%], 48.60% [43.68% 53.56%], 47.72% [40.36% 55.18%] and 44.18% [38.13% 50.41%], respectively. Purchase of reproducers, presence of wild animals, utilization of shared pasturage, presence of equine, dogs and swine, presence of cervides, slaughter of reproducers in the farms, existence of flooded areas, meat farm enterprise, rent of pasturage and predominance of specialized breeds were the main identified risk factors. Presence of cats was a protective factor against leptospirosis.
 
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Publishing Date
2009-01-20
 
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