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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.10.2018.tde-19012018-090320
Document
Author
Full name
Camila Musumecci Guimarães Azzi
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2017
Supervisor
Committee
Nishiyama, Ana Claudia Oliveira Carreira (President)
Barbeito, Claudio Gustavo
Pereira, Ricardo José Garcia
Title in Portuguese
Desenvolvimento de um modelo animal para osteoporose induzido por ooforectomia em rato fêmea nude (Rowett)
Keywords in Portuguese
Cirurgia
Hormônio
Massa óssea
Modelo animal
Ovário
Abstract in Portuguese
A osteoporose é um distúrbio esquelético caracterizado pela diminuição da força óssea, resultando em um risco aumentado de fratura. A perda óssea ocorre tanto em mulheres como em homens devido ao processo de envelhecimento natural [Drake et al.,2015]. De acordo com o diagnóstico e classificação da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS), a osteoporose é definida pela densidade mineral óssea (DMO) na coluna lombar ou quadril inferior a -2,5 do desvio padrão abaixo da média da DMO para uma população de jovens adultos [Cosman et al., 2014]. Tem uma alta prevalência sendo mais freqüente do que a soma de casos de infarto do miocárdio, câncer de mama e acidente vascular cerebral. Essa doença deve ser considerada como um problema de saúde pública, pois afeta o indivíduo em sua função social, física e de trabalho e, portanto, causa impacto socioeconômico [Haddad et al.,2015]. Neste trabalho, desenvolvemos um novo modelo de osteoporose em ratos nude por ooforectomia visando o uso de células humanas para a Medicina Traslacional. Para tanto, foram estabelecidos dois passos e a osteoporose foi analisada por densitometria óssea aos 0, 21, 45 e 60 dias após a cirurgia e por análises histológicas de ossos femorais, i) padronização do modelo animal de osteoporose por ooforectomia, utilizando ratos Sprague-Dawley fêmeas de 12 semanas; ii) na segunda fase do projeto, a osteoporose foi induzida em ratos imunodeficientes nude Rowett fêmeas (NTacFCfiq: NIJ-Whn) de 12 semanas e os mesmos ensaios foram conduzidos para detectar a osteoporose. O soro foi coletado para a medida de estrogênio. As análises da DMO e histológicas mostraram modificação do contéudo mineral e ósseos e da estrutura óssea, respectivamente, aos 60 dias após a cirurgia em ambas as linhagens de ratos fêmeas. Com este trabalho, pretendemos contribuir para a compreensão da biologia da osteoporose utilizando um novo modelo animal, o que pode levar ao desenvolvimento de novos protocolos clínicos e terapêuticos no futuro.
Title in English
Development of an animal model for osteoporosis induced by oophorectomy in nude female rat (Rowett)
Keywords in English
Animal model
Bone mass
Hormone
Ovary
Surgery
Abstract in English
Osteoporosis is a skeletal disorder characterized by decreased bone strength resulting in an increased risk of fracture. Bone loss occurs in both women and men due to the natural aging process [Drake et al.,2015]. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) diagnosis and classification, osteoporosis is defined by the bone mineral density (BMD) in the hip or lumbar spine being less than or equal to -2.5 of the standard deviation below the BMD average for a population of young adults [Cosman et al.,2014]. It has a high prevalence being more frequent than the sum of cases of myocardial infarction, breast cancer and stroke. This disease should be considered as a public health problem, since it affects the individual in his social, physical and work function and, therefore, causes socioeconomic impact [Haddad et al.,2015]. In this work, we developed a new rat model of osteoporosis by oophorectomy aiming the use of human cells for Traslational Medicine. To this end, two steps were established, i) standardization of the animal model of osteoporosis by oophorectomy, using female Sprague-Dawley rats at 12 weeks. The osteoporosis was analyzed by bone densitometry at 0, 21, 45 and 60 days after surgery and by histological analyzes of femoral bones. The serum was collected for measurement of estrogen markers; ii) at second stage of the project, osteoporosis was induced in immunodeficient female nude Rowett (NTacFCfiq: NIJ-Whn) at 12 weeks and the same assays were conducted to detect osteoporosis. Bone mineral density and bone histological analyzes showed changes in the of bone mineral content and bone structure, respectively, at 60 days after surgery in both rat lineages. With this work, we intend to contribute to the understanding of osteoporosis biology using a new animal model, which can lead to the development of new clinical and therapeutic protocols in the future.
 
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Publishing Date
2018-03-20
 
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