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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.10.2013.tde-10122013-103521
Document
Author
Full name
Karina Nunes Kasperoviczus Braz
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2013
Supervisor
Committee
Santos, Selma Maria de Almeida (President)
Assís Neto, Antônio Chaves de
Barbo, Fausto Erritto
Marques, Otavio Augusto Vuolo
Sawaya, Ricardo Jannini
Title in Portuguese
Evolução das estratégias reprodutivas de Bothrops jararaca (Serpentes: Viperidae)
Keywords in Portuguese
Bothrops jararaca
Biologia reprodutiva
Ciclo reprodutivo
Histórias de vida
Variação geográfica
Viperídae
Abstract in Portuguese
Esse trabalho teve como objetivo estudar aspectos importantes das estratégias reprodutivas de machos e fêmeas de Bothrops jararaca do clado norte (CN) e sul (CS) e das ilhas de Búzios (SP), Ilhabela (SP) e ilha dos Franceses (ES). Para isso, foram analisados exemplares de B. jararaca preservadas de diversas coleções zoológicas. Machos e fêmea de B. jararaca do CN foram significativamente maiores que os machos e fêmeas CS, no entanto tiveram cabeças relativamente menores e foram menos robustos. Fêmeas do CN têm em média maior fecundidade e filhotes maiores do que fêmeas do CS. O ciclo reprodutivo de machos e fêmeas de ambas as populações é sazonal e não variou entre as estações do ano. Fêmeas do CN e do CS tem cópula outonal. A vitelogênese tem início no final do verão e fêmeas grávidas são observadas a partir do final do inverno. Nascimentos de B. jararaca de ambos os clados podem ser observados principalmente no verão e podem se estender até o início do outono. A estocagem de espermatozoides no útero e no infundíbulo foi observada principalmente no outono e inverno. Ciclos reprodutivos de machos de ambos os clados são considerados do tipo pós-nupcial ou do tipo I. O início da produção de espermatozoides é na primavera e a fase ativa pode ser observada no verão. No outono e no inverno, os testículos estão inativos. Estocagem de espermatozoides nos ductos deferentes foi observada durante todos os meses do ano e o segmento sexual renal (SSR) apresentou a fase mais ativa (fase secretora) na primavera e verão (sincronizado com a espermatogênese nos testículos) e fase não secretora no outono e no inverno. Esse padrão dos ciclos dos machos foi observado em ambos os clados. Dessa forma, foram observadas variações geográficas nas características de histórias de vida entre as populações do CN e CS, porém, não foram observadas diferenças entre os padrões de ciclos reprodutivos. Assim, o ciclo reprodutivo de machos e fêmeas de B. jararaca do CN e do CS são conservativo na espécie.
Title in English
Evolution of reproductive strategies of Bothrops jararaca (Serpentes: Viperidae)
Keywords in English
Bothrops jararaca
Geographical variation
Life-history
Reproductive biology
Reproductive cycle
Viperidae
Abstract in English
This research aimed to study important aspects of reproductive strategies in male and female of Bothrops jararaca from north clade (CN), south clade (CS) including the islands of Búzios (SP), Ilhabela (SP), and Franceses (ES). We analyzed specimens of B. jararaca preserved on several zoological collections. Male and female of B. jararaca from CN were significantly longer than male and female from CS, however they had relatively smaller heads and were less robust. Male and female of B. jararaca from CN were significantly larger than individuals from CS, had relatively smaller heads and were less robust. Females from CN had on average higher fecundity and larger offspring than females of CS. The reproductive cycle of males and females from both populations was seasonal and the timing of events was also similar between clades. Females of CN and CS have autumn mating season. The vitellogenesis starts in the end of the summer and pregnant females are observed from late winter. Births of B. jararaca occurred from early summer to the beginning of autumn. Sperm storage in the uterus and infundibulum was mainly observed during autumn and winter. Reproductive cycles of male of both clades are type postnuptial or a type I. The beginning of the sperm production occurs in spring and the active phase was observed in the summer. During autumn and winter, the testicles are inactive. Sperm storage in the different ducts was observed throughout the year and the sexual segment of the kidney (SSK) shows a more active phase during spring and summer and non-secretory phase on autumn and winter. This pattern of cycles of male was observed in both clades. In conclusion, there is geographical variation in life-history characteristics between CN and CS populations. However, differences among the reproductive cycle pattern were not evident. Then, the reproductive cycles of male and female of CN and CS are conservative in the species.
 
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Publishing Date
2014-08-19
 
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