http://www.teses.usp.br Last 10 publications of the Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations of University of São Paulo Nuclear Energy in Agriculture and Environment en Tue, 26 Feb 2013 00:00:00 -0300 http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/64/64134/tde-18012013-141525/?&lang=en http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/64/64134/tde-18012013-141525/?&lang=en Brazil is the largest producer and exporter of coffee in the world. The coffee bean is one of the main products of the Brazilian trade balance. Two species of coffee are the most economically important: the Coffea arabica L. and Coffea canephora Pierre is the largest representative of the Coffea canephora Pierre is the coffea conillon. Food irradiation is an area of research that aims to increase the shelf life of foods and controlling pests. This study aimed to verify the physicochemical variables... tde@sc.usp.br (Silva, Marcus Henriques da) Master's Dissertation Mon, 05 Nov 2012 00:00:00 -0300 http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/64/64134/tde-25102012-101635/?&lang=en http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/64/64134/tde-25102012-101635/?&lang=en Large areas have been affected by heavy metals in concentrations which may pose environmental hazard. Due to increased industrial activity and highly technical agriculture, it becomes critical to monitor the levels of heavy metals in soil, because plants behave as a mechanism for transfer of contaminants from soil to higher levels of the food chain. Ingestion of vegetables containing high concentrations of heavy metals is one of the main ways in which these elements enter the human body. Once in... tde@sc.usp.br (Fior, Rafael Carvalho) Master's Dissertation Mon, 05 Nov 2012 00:00:00 -0300 http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/64/64134/tde-25102012-141808/?&lang=en http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/64/64134/tde-25102012-141808/?&lang=en The nitrogen-fixing species (N) are used with forest plantations to increase N. However when these species are inserted monoculture rushes to interference in the formation of litter, and thus the nutrient cycling of the system. The study was conducted in pure and mixed plantations of Eucalyptus grandis and Acacia mangium in the Experimental Station of Forest Sciences ESALQ-USP in Itatinga - SP. This work consists of two experiments using litterbags technique to assess the decomposition and were aimed... tde@sc.usp.br (Bachega, Luciana Ruggiero) Master's Dissertation Wed, 24 Oct 2012 00:00:00 -0300 http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/64/64134/tde-17102012-155909/?&lang=en http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/64/64134/tde-17102012-155909/?&lang=en The sugarcane crop has an important contribution in sub tropical and tropical regions around the world, which Brazil the major producer of sugarcane crop, sugar and ethanol. However, the sugarcane yield is still very low in many regions of this country, mainly due to water stress and nitrogen supply. Understand the loss sugarcane production related with water and nitrogen stress using experimental classical methodology not always has obtained conclusive results. This work has evaluated the impact... tde@sc.usp.br (Kölln, Oriel Tiago) Master's Dissertation Thu, 04 Oct 2012 00:00:00 -0300 http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/64/64134/tde-26092012-134451/?&lang=en http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/64/64134/tde-26092012-134451/?&lang=en Tannins and essential oils are secondary metabolites that may be used as natural modifiers of rumen fermentation to reduce the ruminants' methane (CH4) emission. To study the application of tannin-rich plants from Egypt and Brazil, as well as essential oils that are available in international trade, three studies were conducted at Animal Nutrition Laboratory of Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura, Universidade de São Paulo, at Piracicaba, Brazil. The first study was aimed to assess the potential... tde@sc.usp.br (Rahman, Yosra Ahmed Soltan Abd El) Doctoral Thesis Thu, 04 Oct 2012 00:00:00 -0300 http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/64/64134/tde-26092012-103425/?&lang=en http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/64/64134/tde-26092012-103425/?&lang=en The hypersensitivity to foods is common in children and adults. The shrimp in spite of very appreciated is a food potentially capable to unchain allergic reactions genetically in individuals per disposed. The major allergen in shrimp is the tropomiosin. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of gamma irradiation on IgE reactivity to shrimp tropomyosin (Litopenaeus vannamei) and evaluate the physical and chemical changes and sensory product, induced by this process. The samples will be... tde@sc.usp.br (Lopes, Tatiana Giselle Guimarães) Doctoral Thesis Tue, 02 Oct 2012 00:00:00 -0300 http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/64/64134/tde-26092012-152806/?&lang=en http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/64/64134/tde-26092012-152806/?&lang=en In São Paulo State, the legislation from CETESB restricts the application of vinasse in many soils, resulting in the need to distribute it in areas distant from the mill. However, due to the large amount of waste water, the transport becomes unfeasible economically. An alternative is to reduce the volume by evaporation, resulting in the concentrated vinasse (CV). But, high temperatures during the evaporation cause changes in the organic matter. So, considering that its application is in the row of... tde@sc.usp.br (Silva, Alinne da) Doctoral Thesis Tue, 02 Oct 2012 00:00:00 -0300 http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/64/64134/tde-25092012-170626/?&lang=en http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/64/64134/tde-25092012-170626/?&lang=en Peanuts are among the most popular oilseed in the world, their lipid content is about 50%, on average. Their fatty acid composition is characterized by high percentage of unsaturated fatty acids. Peanuts are a source of dietary tocopherol and polyphenols, antioxidants that play benefits to human health. However, the presence of potential mycotoxic fungi is a concern of this oilseed production chain. Gamma radiation, in addition to good agricultural practices, has been identified as an effective treatment... tde@sc.usp.br (Camargo, Adriano Costa de) Master's Dissertation Tue, 02 Oct 2012 00:00:00 -0300 http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/64/64134/tde-26092012-111917/?&lang=en http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/64/64134/tde-26092012-111917/?&lang=en The native vegetation of Northeastern region of Brazil is rich in forage species in the herbaceous, shrubby and arboreal strata. Studies have revealed that over 70% of botanical species from the caatinga participate significantly in the composition of the diet of domestic ruminants. Strategically, the woody species are fundamental in the context of production and availability of forage in such semi-arid area. The objectives of this work were: (1) to quantify the chemical composition and the phenolic... tde@sc.usp.br (Lucas, Ronaldo Carlos) Doctoral Thesis Thu, 27 Sep 2012 00:00:00 -0300 http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/64/64134/tde-21092012-103205/?&lang=en http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/64/64134/tde-21092012-103205/?&lang=en The pourpose of this study was assess the inclusion of detoxicated Jatropha meal (Jatropha curcas L.) in the diet of finishing pigs. Initially it was used in a biological assay with Wistar rats. The analysis of variance did not detect (P>0.05) effect of the addition of DJCM over the performance variables, being, however, observed a significant reduction (P0.05) with the inclusion of DJCM. For the relative weight of the total gut (intestines plus small intestine) and the small intestine it self,... tde@sc.usp.br (Berenchtein, Bernardo) Doctoral Thesis Mon, 26 Mar 2012 00:00:00 -0300 http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/64/64134/tde-22032012-142416/?&lang=en http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/64/64134/tde-22032012-142416/?&lang=en The cosmogenic radionuclide beryllium-7 ('ANTPOT.7Be') is produced in the atmosphere by cosmic particle reactions and is being used as a tracer for soil erosion and climatic processes research. After the production, 'ANTPOT.7Be' bonds to aerosol particles in the atmosphere and is deposited on the soil surface with other radionuclide species by rainfall. Because of the high adsorption on soil particles and its short half-life of 53.2 days, this radionuclide follows of the erosion process and can be... tde@sc.usp.br (Pinto, Victor Meriguetti) Master's Dissertation Thu, 01 Mar 2012 00:00:00 -0300 http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/64/64134/tde-27022012-171220/?&lang=en http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/64/64134/tde-27022012-171220/?&lang=en The New World Screwworm (NWS), Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel, 1858) (Diptera: Calliphoridae), is a fly species that provokes myiasis and is currently distributed at some Caribbean islands and South American countries. As an obligate parasite, this fly is one of the most serious threats to livestock industry, causing economic losses of millions of dollars per year in many countries. The main control strategies in the integrated management of myiasis rely on the use of chemicals and the so called... tde@sc.usp.br (Mastrangelo, Thiago de Araújo) Doctoral Thesis Tue, 28 Feb 2012 00:00:00 -0300 http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/64/64134/tde-31012012-144112/?&lang=en http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/64/64134/tde-31012012-144112/?&lang=en The application of pesticides is widespread in agriculture today, in which the compartmentalization of the areas of agricultural knowledge, such as soil fertility, plant nutrition, plant physiology, plant pathology and entomology, has produced inputs for specific purposes. Information about these products generally does not go beyond their direct effects and also does not consider the interference in other areas of agriculture. In order to increase knowledge and better understand the effects of agrochemicals,... tde@sc.usp.br (Biguzzi, Felipe Almeida) Master's Dissertation Tue, 28 Feb 2012 00:00:00 -0300 http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/64/64134/tde-27022012-155106/?&lang=en http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/64/64134/tde-27022012-155106/?&lang=en The effect of chemical treatments, edible coatings , and irradiation on fresh-cut papaya conservation was evaluated. After selection, washing, and sanitation the papayas were peeled and cut into half slices, which were submitted to different treatments, packed, and stored at 5±1°C and 90±2%RU. The fresh-cut papayas were evaluated after 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 days. The microbiological analyses were based on the count of total coliform, thermotolerant and psychrotrophic bacteria, molds and yeasts,... tde@sc.usp.br (Albertini, Silvana) Doctoral Thesis Fri, 10 Feb 2012 00:00:00 -0300 http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/64/64134/tde-08022012-100355/?&lang=en http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/64/64134/tde-08022012-100355/?&lang=en The stilbene resveratrol is a phenolic compound potentially beneficial to human healthy, mainly due it cardioprotector properties. Despite it abundance in grapes and wines, this stilbene lacks in most fruits and vegetables that compose human diet. Recently, resveratrol was detected in cocoa and chocolates commercialized in Europe and United States, making these products the second edible source of resveratrol. The lack of studies about resveratrol occurrence in Brazilian diet makes evident the need... tde@sc.usp.br (Salvador, Izabela) Master's Dissertation Thu, 02 Feb 2012 00:00:00 -0300 http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/64/64134/tde-01022012-112112/?&lang=en http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/64/64134/tde-01022012-112112/?&lang=en The environmental contamination is increasing worldwide, with large areas affected by heavy metals at concentrations which may pose environmental hazard. Due to industrial activity and highly technical agriculture, it is important to monitor heavy metals levels in soils, since vegetables behave as transfer mechanism of contaminants from soils to higher levels of the food chain. Ingestion of vegetables containing high concentrations of heavy metals is one of the main ways in which these elements enter... tde@sc.usp.br (Guerra, Fernando) Master's Dissertation Thu, 02 Feb 2012 00:00:00 -0300 http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/64/64134/tde-01022012-142444/?&lang=en http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/64/64134/tde-01022012-142444/?&lang=en The soil physical conditions have direct and indirect effects on plant productivity and environmental quality. Well aggregated soils with appropriate management are able to maintain a good balance between air and water, promote nutrient cycling and good development of roots. The objective of this work was to evaluate the use of the S index of Dexter, for mapping the soil physical quality in a watershed and evaluate the performance of the indirect model of Arya and Paris and the Qualisolo software... tde@sc.usp.br (Varandas, Juliana Maria Manieri) Doctoral Thesis Thu, 02 Feb 2012 00:00:00 -0300 http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/64/64134/tde-01022012-113845/?&lang=en http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/64/64134/tde-01022012-113845/?&lang=en The Vienna-8, tsl (temperature sensitive lethal) strain of Ceratitis capitata, by presenting mutations that facilitate the mass rearing and release only of sterile males in the field, has been used in medfly SIT (Sterile Insect Technique) programmes. The objective of this study was to determine the radiation dose that provides the highest level of sterility for Vienna-8, tsl males assessing their biological parameters that indicate the quality of sterile males to be released. Brown pupae (males)... tde@sc.usp.br (Rocha, Aline Cristina Pereira da) Master's Dissertation Thu, 02 Feb 2012 00:00:00 -0300 http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/64/64134/tde-01022012-151224/?&lang=en http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/64/64134/tde-01022012-151224/?&lang=en Construction and demolition residues (CDR) are an important environmental issue because they represent more than 50% of solid waste produced in medium and big cities, where most of this waste ends up having an irregular final disposition. This causes serious environmental impacts as the degradation of water sources and permanent protection areas, proliferation of disease agents, clogging of drainage systems, occupation of public roads and degradation of the urban landscape. Moreover, if such material... tde@sc.usp.br (Lasso, Paulo Renato Orlandi) Doctoral Thesis Tue, 04 Oct 2011 00:00:00 -0300 http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/64/64134/tde-30092011-114554/?&lang=en http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/64/64134/tde-30092011-114554/?&lang=en The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and cowpea [Vigna ungüiculata (L.) Walp] are a staple foods in many countries, particularly in Brazil, and it is an important source of protein, vitamins, and minerals including iron and zinc. Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal considered one of the most hazardous elements for humans. No data are available on the cadmium (Cd) concentration in grain of these species, especially under conditions of CETESB critical limits in soil (3 mg kg-1). The objective were to... tde@sc.usp.br (Silva, Dênis Herisson da) Doctoral Thesis